Canada VS USA: Which Country Is Better To Settle For Indians in 2024?

Canada and the United States are considered ideal places for migration. Although both are well known for their employment opportunities, economic growth and better quality of life, you won’t know for sure until you experience it for yourself. We can help you make an informed decision with the facts listed below. 

When you compare, always keep in mind the long-term implications of factors like affordability, quality of life, professional growth and how you can make the best of the country’s benefits. So, let’s find out, shall we?

1. Job Security and Average Work Hours

Working in Canada

Owing to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has remained focused on ensuring the job security of Canadian Citizens as well as immigrants in Canada. Thanks to Canada’s economic recovery policy, the country is showing a steady decline in the unemployment rate. In 2019, the unemployment rate in Canada fell to 5.67 %. However, the US registered an unemployment rate of 10.2 % in 2020.

Here are some of the jobs in Canada that were in demand in 2024:

Average work hours: The standard work hours for an employee under Canada’s federally regulated sector are 8 hours per day (during any period of 24 consecutive hours), which sums up to 40 hours a week.

Canadian Companies give a minimum of 10 paid leaves annually.

Working in The US

The USA is the silicon capital of the world, with the maximum number of industries headquartered in the country. However, 2024 caused a rift even in the US markets. One-third of the total population were worried about their job security, which included loss of job or reduction in salary as per the report by Marketplace.

However, some jobs were recession-proof even during the pandemic. They are:

Average work hours: As per data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employed Americans worked for about 34.4 hours per week in the USA in 2019.

The USA has a minimum of 10 paid annual leaves for all employees.

Key Takeaway: 

• While the USA offers better salary packages, Canada has better healthcare, more maternity leaves and other social benefits.
• Average work hours for Canada is slightly higher than that of the US.
• The annual leave structure of both countries is similar.

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2. Taxation

Canada

Income Tax

A Canadian employee, regardless of the original nationality, must pay a federal tax of 15% of their total income if their minimum salary is $46,605. 

However, if an employee earns more than $46,605, the income tax required to pay will also increase. 

Besides the federal tax, a Canadian employee needs to pay a provincial tax. 

Here’s a tax-breakdown for you:

Goods and Service Tax

Canada has a very fair system of GST cuts. Healthcare provisions like drugs, dental services, etc., are ‘Zero-Rated’ items as they are exempt from GST. However, the federal taxation system varies with different provinces with a minimum of 5 % taxation.

USA

Income Tax

Income Tax in the US is paid in 2 divisions: The Federal and the State.

An average software engineer in the US pays an income tax of 25%- 30%, comprising the federal and state taxes annually.

Did you know that employees working in Washington are exempt from paying state taxes? Here are some of the states and their respective state income taxes:

Sales Tax

The sales tax is levied on purchases made in the US in every state. 

It is a state tax that varies with the state. For example, the sales tax in New York State is 7%.

Key Takeaway: US and Canada both have a Federal and a State/Province Tax. However, some states in the US like Washington are exempt from paying the state income tax.

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3. Education

Studying in Canada

University Tuition Fees in Canada is cheaper than in the US by an average of 27%.

Top Universities in Canada include McGill University, University of Toronto, Université de Montréal, Queen’s University and more.

Canadian immigration system allows children (until the age of 16 or 18) access to free public school education. However, private schools in Canada have a fee range of CAD 8,000 to CAD 14,000 per year.

Studying in the US

The US is home to 8 Ivy League Schools, which include Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University and Yale University.

Note: The USA also allows eligible F-1 students to opt for Optional Practical Training. This is a type of permit that lets students gain real-time work experience related to their field of study.

Because of the comprehensive system of education in the US, tuition fees are higher than in Canada.

Here is a list of top universities in the US with the average annual tuition fees:

The United States allows all children to access free public schools. The average cost of schooling in a private elementary school is $10,000 a year, and it is $15,000 for private high schools.

Key Takeaways: 

• The United States has more World-ranking Universities than Canada. 
• However, the average tuition fees in Canada is lower than the US.

4. Immigration Pathways to Canada and The US

Canada Immigration

Here are the types of Canadian visas you can apply for:

• PR Visa (Permanent Residence)
• Express Entry Visa
• Federal Skilled Worker Visa
• Provincial Nominee Programs
• Family Sponsorship
• Visitor Visa
• Student Visa
• Business Immigrant Visa

US Immigration Pathways

When aiming for USA immigration status, here are the major immigrant visas you can apply for:

• F1, J1, M1 Student Visa: For students to pursue higher education
• E1, E2 Visa: Migration visa for employees
• IR1 and CR1 visa: Spouse of a US Citizen
• K1 visa: Finance to marry a US citizen
• I-130 petition (K-3) Visa: Spouse of a US Citizen awaiting approval.

5. Cost of Living: USA Vs Canada

Key Takeaway: 

• While the average annual income of both countries is similar, the cost of living is higher in Canada.
• You’ll be paying less for health insurance and rent in Canada, but utilities, gas, and consumer goods will be higher.
• Costs also vary depending on the city you live in.

6. Challenges faced by Indian Migrants

• Language Barriers

• Academic Barriers 

Since the Indian Education system follows a specific approach in the teaching process, Indian students in the US and Canada are usually startled by the curriculum initially. 

The Canadian and US Education System is solely driven by in-depth research. This may involve practical exposure to the field with a limited time-frame. Hence, Indian students take some time to cope with the newer ways of learning.

• Racism

Both Canada and the US have strict policies in place against any form of racism. 

However, due to the recent rise in crime-rate caused by racism in the US, Canada is a more immigrant-friendly country to settle in.

In June 2021, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau walked in an anti-racism rally in Ottawa to signify his solidarity with sufferers of racism.

Did you know that the soon-to-be US President Joe Biden’s Vice President, Kamala Harris, is of Indian and Jamaican origin?

Key Takeaway: Both countries present their own challenges for Indian migrants. However, the Native- Indian Population in the two countries has skyrocketed in the last decade.

7. Latest Updates in Immigration for Canada and The US

Canada Immigration Updates 2022

• 431,645 permanent resident visas to be granted by Canada in 2022. 
• 241,850 newcomers will get Canada PR in 2022 through economic immigration - 
• 337,000 jobs added to the Canadian labour market in February 2022. Another 73,000 jobs added in March 2022. 

US Immigration Updates 2022

• 407,071 H-1B petitions approved in 2021. Of these, 74.1% - that is, 301,616 - were issued to Indian workers. 
• 228,133 got lawful permanent resident (LPR) status in the first quarter (Q1) of Fiscal Year (FY) 2022. 
• India among the top five countries of nationality of new permanent residents in 2022. 
• 24% of new LPRs in 2022 (Q1) were through employment-based preferences. 

Immigration Pathways: Express Entry Canada Vs U.S. H1B Visa 

Top 10 Most Desirable Countries of the World

• Canada
• Japan 
• Spain
• Germany
• Qatar 
• Australia 
• Switzerland 
• Portugal 
• USA
• United Kingdom 

Best Cities to live in Canada

In a recent survey, Canada ranked #1 as the World’s Most Desirable Country to live in.

Vancouver, Calgary and Toronto are listed among the 10 most liveable cities in the world according to the Global Liveability Index 2019.

Vancouver, British Columbia

Vancouver, named after the Royal Army British Officer, George Vancouver,  is one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the world. Along with the hustle and bustle of the city life, Vancouver is also home to the best beaches and mountain ranges in the world.

Calgary, Alberta

Calgary is the city of skyscrapers. It has the most number of youth-driven policies in the Alberta region and promotes the welfare of the society in every aspect.

Toronto, Ontario

Known for its CN Tower and elite city life, Toronto is the heart of Ontario. It has IT-Hubs, top-ranking universities and a diverse population of Indo-Canadians. 

Best cities to live in the USA

Boulder, Colorado

Boulder, as the name suggests, is the boulder foothills of the Rocky Mountains of the United States. Apart from the marvellous sights to visit and the natural beauty, Boulder is also where students with keen interests in Geology come to pursue higher studies at the ‘University of Boulder.’

Denver, Colorado

Denver is the Capital city of the State of Colorado. Known for its historical significance in the Old World Era, Denver is also known as the ‘Outdoor City of The Us.’ The city is a vibrant and culturally-rich hub for immigrants. The University of Colorado, specializing in MBA courses, is located in Denver.

Austin, Texas

Home to the University of Texas, Austin is the live-music centre of the State of Texas. It has pleasant weather throughout the year, and its flagship University is known to produce revolutionary professionals. Their motto is “What Starts here changes the world.”

Other General Comparisons

• As per a report, Population Density in the United States is 84 residents per square mile of the land area. Canada’s population density is about 3 people per square kilometre as per the survey. 
• According to the Global Economic Competitiveness report, Canada scored 79.59 points on a scale of 100 while the USA’s scored better with 83.7 points.
• Wages, Racial Discrimination and Safety: The crime rate is much higher in the USA than in Canada. Still, the US job market is more open to new immigrants, and it offers better pay. Incidents of racial discrimination and hatred are higher in the USA. US Homeland Security tries its best to ensure the nation’s safety along with its citizens.
• Canada scored an average of  7.6 on the Average Life Satisfaction Ranking scale, whereas the USA’s ranking is 7. 
• Canada ranked in the top ten most peaceful countries, and the US ranked 121st overall.

Other Important FAQs

How long does it take for USCIS to process the application for a Green Card in the USA?

USCIS consulate now uses an automated methodology. It takes anything from 7 months to 33 months to process the application Form I-485.

The pilot program of granting US citizenship only applies to the following scenario:

• N-400 Application for Naturalization
• I-485 Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status
• I-90 Application to Replace Permanent Residence Card
• I-751 Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence

Is Canada PR better than H1B?

Canadian PR is better to ensure an overall safe and secure life. It also comes with a quick Canadian citizenship option, whereas the US H1B visa is perfect for exploring high-skilled job opportunities and ambitious careers.

Can I go to Canada with an H1B?

Yes, you can. You can travel to Canada with US H1B provided your trip duration is not more than 30 days.

Can I work in the United States with Canadian PR?

You can not work in the USA with Canadian PR unless you have an H1 visa for the USA.

How do I keep my PR and H1B in Canada?

You can hold the US H1B visas and Canadian PR simultaneously. To maintain the PR, you have to live 2 years out of 5 in Canada.

How many Indians stay in Canada?

As per a survey, there are more than 10,00,000 Indians in Canada right now.

Conclusion

Canada and the States are two of the top countries that foreign-nationals prefer. However, to choose between the two could be a difficult task. 

Here’s a quick comparison between the countries for you:

 

 

 

Average Salaries

Canada

Average Salary $50,000 every year

USA

Average Salary $48,672 every year

 

 

 

Average Salaries

Canada

Average Salary $50,000 every year

USA

Average Salary $48,672 every year

 

 

 

Job Security

Canada

There is better job security in Canada and most people are able to retain their jobs.

USA

Job security in the US is dismal and can be laid off when not required. Finding another job can be crucial

 

 

 

Job Security

Canada

There is better job security in Canada and most people are able to retain their jobs.

USA

Job security in the US is dismal and can be laid off when not required. Finding another job can be crucial

 

 

 

Taxation

Canada

Canadian Income Tax ranges from 15% to 33%

USA

US Federal Income Tax ranges from 10% to 37%

 

 

 

Taxation

Canada

Canadian Income Tax ranges from 15% to 33%

USA

US Federal Income Tax ranges from 10% to 37%

 

 

 

Cost of Living

Canada

$24,000 to $30,000 per year

USA

$8,400 to $12,000 per year

 

 

 

Cost of Living

Canada

$24,000 to $30,000 per year

USA

$8,400 to $12,000 per year

 

 

 

Healthcare

Canada

Medicare system is publicly funded & offers $900 average cost per year

USA

No free medical treatments. Though healthcare may be subsidized.

 

 

 

Healthcare

Canada

Medicare system is publicly funded & offers $900 average cost per year

USA

No free medical treatments. Though healthcare may be subsidized.

 

 

 

Permanent Residence Opportunities

Canada

You can apply for Canadian citizenship after having stayed for 1,095 days in the country within the last 5 years.

USA

H1B visa holders can apply for Green Card after the expiry of the visa. H1B is valid for 3 years and can be extended for another 3 years.

 

 

 

Permanent Residence Opportunities

Canada

You can apply for Canadian citizenship after having stayed for 1,095 days in the country within the last 5 years.

USA

H1B visa holders can apply for Green Card after the expiry of the visa. H1B is valid for 3 years and can be extended for another 3 years.

If you have doubts about migrating, working or studying in any of the two countries, feel free to contact us.

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How can Kansas Help you?

Kansas Overseas Careers specializes in Permanent Residency Visas, Work Visas, Study Visas, Temporary visas, and Dependent Visas to Canada, UK, USA, Germany, and Hong Kong. 

Apart from these services, Kansas offers its clients personalized services such as:

• Profile Evaluation: Professional guidance based on an in-depth assessment of the client profile to determine the chances of visa success.
• Documents & Review: Detailed, error-free documentation based on the visa type drafted to meet specific formats.
• Dedicated Case Officer: A dedicated consultant to assist clients throughout the process.
• Visa Filing: Kansas ensures that the visa applications meet all the standard requirements of concerned immigration authorities and governing bodies.
• Test Preparations: Complimentary online courses are offered to help aspirants improve their Language Proficiency for important exams like IELTS, French, TOEFL, and PTE.
• Visa & Interview: Guidance is provided for aspirants attending visa interviews along with verified documents. 
• Post-Landing Service: Kansas helps clients settle down in the new country with a comfortable stay after they have received their visas.

Additional services offered to job-seekers:

• Resume Writing: Dedicated team of resume experts to craft the best resumes that meet the prerequisites of immigration authorities and potential employers. This greatly improves their chances of selection.
• Profile Marketing: Kansas is well-known for creating the best-in-class portfolios that boost applicant profiles in job-portals. And yes, this is a complimentary service!

Additional services For students looking for a study visa:

• Admission Guidance: Comparisons between the best programs, colleges, and countries to study in, including arranged mentorship from existing students.
• Writing Services: Admission Essays, Student CV, Statement of purpose (SOP), Letter of recommendations (LOR), and other important services offered by a dedicated team.
• Scholarships & Financial Aid: Offer help to find the best Scholarships programs, Education loans, Study abroad loans, and also offer help in sourcing paid-Internships

Don’t wait. Begin your visa application today!

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